英语作文介绍科学家

MarieCurie,orratherMaryaSklodowska,wasborninWarsawonNovember7,1867.Atthetime,thePolishcapitalwasoccupiedbytheRussians,whowereseekingtoweakenthelocalélitebutnonethelesstoleratedtheburgeoningofthepositivistdoctrineadvocatedbyAugusteComte.Basedonthevalueofexperienceandscientificreality,andappliedtosociety,itwasformanyintellectualsthepathofprogress;itwastoleaveanindeliblemarkonMarya.Bornintoafamilyofteachersandbroughtupinanenvironmentmarkedbyasenseofdutyandalackofmoney,sheledthemostSpartanoflives.Fromtheprematuredeathofoneofhersisters,andlaterofhermother,shedrewtheagnosticismthatwouldlaterbolsterherfaithinscience.Asabrilliantandmaturestudentwithararegiftofconcentration,Maryaharbouredthedreamofascientificcareer,adehugefinancialsacrificessothathersisterBroniacouldfulfilherwishofstudyingmedicineinParis,nurturingthehopethatthefavourmightbereturned

爱因斯坦的

AlbertEinstein:1879-1955

WiththedeathofAlbertEinstein,veusaworldpicturewithaunityandharmonysurpassingtheboldestdreamsofthepast.

Einstein'sgenius,characterizedequallybylogicalclarityandcreativeimagination,succeededinremoldingandwideningtheimposingedificewhosefoundationshadbeenlaidbyNewton'intheframeoftherelativitytheory,demandingaformulationofthelawsofnatureindependentoftheobserverandemphasizingthesingularroleofthespeedoflight,gravitationaleffectslosttheirisolatedpositionandappearedasanintegralpartofageneralkinematicdescription,over,Einstein'srecognitionoftheequivalenceofmassandenergyshouldproveaninvaluableguideintheexplorationofatomicphenomena.

Indeed,thebreadthofEinstein'sviewsandtheopennessofhismindfoundmostremarkableexpressioninthefactthat,intheverysameyearswhenhegaveawidenedoutlooktoclassicalphysics,hethoroughlygraspedthefactthatPlanck'erebyprovidedthestartingpointfortheestablishmentofconsistentquantumtheoreticalmethodswhichhavemadeitpossibletoaccountforanimmenseamountofexperimentalevidenceconcerningthepropertiesofmatterandevendemandedreconsiderationofourmostelementaryconcepts.

ThesamespiritthatcharacterizedEinstein'ithstandingtheincreasingreverencewhichpeopleeverywherefeltforhisattainmentsandcharacter,salwayspreparedtohelppeopleindifficultiesofanykind,andtohim,whohimselfhadexperiencedtheevilsofracialprejudice,arnestadmonitionsontheresponsibilityinvolvedinourrapidlygrowingmasteryoftheforcesofnaturewillsurelyhelptomeetthechallengetocivilizationintheproperspirit.

TothewholeofmankindAlbertEinstein'sdeathisagreatloss,hememorieshehasleftbehindwillremainanever-livingsourceoffortitudeandencouragement.—NielsBohr

WithAlbertEinstein'sdeathagreatlighthasgoneoutintheworldofphysics,forEinstein,morethananyotherman,heoryoflightquantaandhislaterdemonstrationofthenatureofthefluctuationsof'blackbody'radiationraisedtheparadoxofthewave-particleduality,1917paper,introducingtheideasofspontaneousandstimulatedemissionofradiation,amousEinsteinAandBcoefficientsledtothequantitativeuseofthecorrespondenceprincipleandtotheformulationoftheKramers-Heisenbergdispersionformula,whichinturnledtoHeisenberg'teinwasthereforeinaveryrealsensethefounderofthestatisticaltheoryoffundamentalatomicphenomena.